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Recently enacted Fort Hall Business Council Resolutions Notices and Events History and Geography
Treaties impacting the Fort Hall, Indian Reservation
Pat Tyhee, taken in the Garvey studio about 1917.He was chosen by Agent Major Caldwell to be one of the four representatives of the tribes at the Presidential inauguration of William Howard Taft in Washington, DC, in 1909.

At the same time, Tyhee was very influential among the Indians of Fort Hall. He never ceased being a spokesman for his people, and served as a chief judge of the Indian court.

Credit: * Idaho Museum of Natural History, Ruffner Collection: 253151
Tyhee is wearing a cloth shirt and pants, moccasins, a multi-stand necklace, an ermine necklace with beaded tieslide, a glass bead choker, and "moon" shell earrings. His braids are wrapped in otter fur, and he wears a long split-horn headdress with horsehair at the feather tips, while holding a short headdress. Taken in the Garvey studio about 1917. Credit: * Idaho Museum of Natural History, Ruffner Collection: 253151 - Associated with the Christian missionary community, Tyhee was described by The Pocatello Tribune in 1904 as one of the most "progressive" Indians on the Fort Hall Reservation. He was chosen by Agent Major Caldwell to be one of the four representatives of the tribes at the Presidential inauguration of William Howard Taft in Washington, DC, in 1909.
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Treaties impacting the Fort Hall Indian Reservation
  • October 14, 1863 - Soda Springs Treaty - UNRATIFIED
  • October 10, 1864 - Treaty of Fort Boise - UNRATIFIED
  • April 12, 1866 - Bruneau Treaty - UNRATIFIED
  • August 21, 1867 - Long Tom Creek Treaty - With Bannock Indians and Gov. D.W. Ballard. Agreed to remove the Bannocks from the Boise Valley and go to Fort Hall Reservation provided that such reservation belong to the Bannocks.
  • June 14, 1867 - Executive Order - adopting recommendation of Commissioner of Indian Affairs to establish boundaries as defined by the local Indian agents: The Boise and Bruneau bands of Shoshones and Bannock Reservation: "Commencing on the south bank of Snake River at the junction of hte PortNeuf Riverwith the Snake River; then south 25 miles to the summit of the mountains dividing the waters of Bear River from those of the Snake River; thence easterly along the summit of said range of mountains 70 miles to a point where Sublette road crosses said divide; thence north about 50 miles to the Blackfoot River; thence down said stream to its junction with the Snake River; thence down Snake River to the place of beginning." Embracing about 1,800,000 acres and comprehending Fort Hall on the Snake River within its limits.
Treaties and Cession Agreements

July 3, 1868 - Treaty with the Shoshoni (Eastern band) and Bannock tribes of Indians, 1868 (Fort Bridger Treaty) 15 Stat. 673.
September 24, 1868 - Treaty with the Shoshones, Bannocks and Sheepeaters - UNRATIFIED - Virginia City, Montana
July 30, 1869 - President Grant adopts recommendation of Secretary of Interior; Bannock reservation mentioned by the second article of the Treaty of 1868 to be included within reservation established by June 14, 1867 Executive Order.
February 12, 1875 - Lemhi Reserve established by Executive Order for the exclusive use of the mixed tribes of Shoshone, Bannock, and Sheepeater Indians.(Lemhi-Shoshone)
The First Fort Hall Business Council
Article I - Tribal Government

The jurisdiction of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes shall extend to the territory within the present confines of the Fort Hall Indian reservation and to such other landswithout such boundaries as may hereafter be added thereto under any law of the U.S. except as otherwise provided by law.
(Left) Charley Diggie (b. 1867 d. late 1940s), a Boise Valley Sho-Ban, June Johnson (b. about 1873, d. 1945) and Sequint (b. 1876 d. 1937), Northern Shoshone. All are dressed in three piece business suits with watch chains and fobs, and have on new hats.
Article II - Membership

All persons of Indian blood whose names appear on the official census roll of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes as of January 1, 1935, provided that such roll may be corrected within six months after approval of this constitution and bylaws of the Fort Hall business Council with the approval of the Secretary of Interior.
Article III - Fort Hall Business Council

The governing body of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes shall be a council known as the Fort Hall Business Council. The Business Council shall consist of seven council members to be elected from the Reservation at-large.
Article IV

Of the Fort Bridger Treaty provides, "The Indians herein named agree.. . they will make said reservations their permanent home, and they will make no permanent settlement elsewhere; but they shall have the right to hunt on the unoccupied lands of the U. s. so long as game may be found thereon, and so long as peace subsists among the whites and Indians on the borders of the hunting districts."
Charley Diggie (b. 1867 d. late 1940s), a Boise Valley Sho-Ban, June Johnson (b. about 1873, d. 1945) and Sequint (b. 1876 d. 1937), Northern Shoshone.
Credit: * National Archives and Records Administration, Still Picture Branch: 75-SEI-35
Subsistence Hunting and Fishing
Early trappers and settlers reported the presence of Shoshone-Bannock people at the headwaters of the Salmon in technIques for harvesting fish the Stanley Basin, "they subsist upon the flesh of elk, deer and bighorns and upon salmon.."
In the early 1830s, the lower reaches of the Snake and its adjoining tributaries, the Boise, Payette, and Weiser to the east and the Owyhee, Malheur and Burnt to the west continued to be highly productive fisheries for the Shoshone-Bannock people. The descriptions indicate substantial yields, sophisticated techniques for harvesting fish and large scale efforts to preserve and store the catches for trade and for subsistence in off-seasons.
Charley Diggie (b. 1867 d. late 1940s), a Boise Valley Sho-Ban, June Johnson (b. about 1873, d. 1945) and Sequint (b. 1876 d. 1937), Northern Shoshone.
Credit: * National Archives and Records Administration, Still Picture Branch: 75-SEI-35
Credit: Louise Dixey
He is wearing a reservation hat, earring pendants, bead necklace, and gauntlet gloves. The flower on his shoulder is probably a photographer's special effect. Naatsi is remembered today as a great practical joker.
Naatsi Boise (b. 1874), taken by Mary Garvey.
Credit: * Idaho Museum of Natural History, Ruffner Collection: 253245.
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